- Variable Resistor. If only an end terminal and the middle terminal are used, then the pot acts as a resistor that can very from 0 resistance to the resistance rating of the pot.
- Voltage Divider. If and end terminal is connected to a power source, and the other end terminal is connected to ground, then the middle terminal will vary the voltage from the full voltage from the power source down to 0.
A pot can be thought as containing two resistors (R1 and R2) with the middle terminal between the two. As the knob is turned, R1 increases resistance while R2 decreases resistance. All voltage divider circuits work this way whether they use a pot or not. The equation to determine the output voltage is illustrated below.